Algerian Journal of  Materials Chemistry  

March 22, 2020

Hassan Mustapha Gurama1,*, Usman Muhammad Tukur2

1 Nigerian Institute for Tripanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Kano Liaison Office, Infection Disease Hospital, France Road Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

2 Department of General Studies, Emirates College of Health Sciences and Technology Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

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Abstract. Phytoremediation is the process which uses green plants for relief, transfer, stabilization or degradation of pollutants from soil, sediments, surface waters, and groundwater. The phytoremediation potential of five vegetables, Carrot (D.carota), Cabbage (B. oleracea), Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Pepper (C. annum), and Lettuce (L. sativa) planted on contaminated soil samples collected from Challawa Industrial Estate Kano was investigated. The plants were grown in plastic pots and were irrigated using the collected industrial waste water. The growth parameters of the plants were monitored for twelve weeks. Thereafter, the as-grown vegetables were harvested and prepared by means of digestion using aqua regia HNO3/HCl (1:3) for Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) analyses.The mean levels of the metals in the soil from contaminated sites were found to be in sequence of Mg > Fe > Zn> Cu >Mn; control site, Fe>Mg >Mn > Zn > Cu; plant root from contaminated site contained Zn >Mg >Fe >Mn > Cu; whereas plant root from control site had Mg >Fe > Zn >Mn > Cu; Plant shoot from contaminated site showed Zn > Fe >Mn >Mg >Cu; while plant shoot from control site contained Mg >Zn > Fe >Mn > Cu; respectively. The bio-accumulation level of the target metals onthe various parts of the experimented plants confirms their ability for the phytoextraction of different metals from the soil. The results obtained demonstrates the potential of all our experimented plants in phytoremediation of multi-metal in contaminated soils and may serve as uneconomical and innocuous candidates for phytoremediation strategy in the future for controlling metal contamination level in soil.

 Key words: Phytoremediation, Phytoextraction, Bioaccumulation factor, Vegetables, Contaminated Soils, AAS.

Vol.3 Issue 1, pp39–47, (2020)

March 05, 2020

Amel Louadj*, Omar Bouras

Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Développement Durable, Faculté de Technologie, Université Saad Dahlab-Blida 1, BP 270, 09000 Blida, Algérie

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Abstract. Statistical analysis is considered today as a method that is an integral part of each experiment and allows researchers to exploit their results and draw conclusions. Based on statistical analysis, this study focused on analyzing by the PCA method of the effect of some physicochemical properties of a new generation of granules with gluten and of a commercial activated carbon for the adsorption of a green malachite MG, and relationships between them were presented by regression analysis, also concerned the examination of the different relationships that may exist between these different properties. The achieved results indicated that the influence of granule size, porosity, pHzpc, cation exchange capacity CEC, and specific surface area SSA on the adsorption capacity of MG is better; the best removal efficiency was established at small size granules.

Key words: Adsorption, Binder, Dyes, Granules, Statistical analysis.

Vol.3 Issue 1, pp30–38, (2020)

February 16, 2020

Augustina A. Oyibo, S.B. King, Danlami A. Danzarami, Samuel Hassan, David E. Arthur

1Ahmadu Bello University, Faculty of Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Street Address, Zaria, Nigeria

2Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology Samaru, Zaria

3Department of Chemistry, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria

 Abstract. Leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii obtained from Samaru and sabo was analyzed for proximate constituents and elemental compositions. It content for samaru and sabo samples respectively: (10.94 ± 0.083, 10.81±0.070%) ash, (9.35 ± 0.031, 9.19±0.070%) moisture, (21.00±0.19, 21.27±0.030%) crude protein, (5.91 ± 0.110%, 6.00±0.020) crude lipid, (8.15±0.230, 8.11±0.130%) crude fibre and (44.65±0.655, 44.57±0.352%) carbohydrate. Minerals like zinc (30.70, 30.90mg/kg) and potassium (1049, 1050.50mg/kg) are predominantly abundant, manganese (3.27, 3.24mg/kg) is present in less appreciable amount while no level of Arsenic was detected in both samples and this values conform with the daily recommended dietary allowance for the minerals as being reported by FAO/WHO (2012). The study established that Pterocarpus mildbraedii (oha leaf) contains high amount of vital minerals and nutrients (e.g. potassium, carbohydrates, protein) needed for a healthy diet. Its high protein and carbohydrate content further eulogize the inestimable nutritional values of the plant. It can therefore be affirm that P. mildbraedii is a potential industrial raw material for food formulation and drug development.

Keywords: Elemental analysis, proximate composition, Pterocarpus mildbraedii.

Vol.3 Issue 1, pp 23–29, (2020)

February 16, 2020

Mehdi Zahraoui, Adel Mokhtar*, Abdelkader Bengueddach & Mohamed Sassi

1Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux LCM, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El- Mnaouer, BP 1524, 31000 Oran, Algeria.

2Département de Génie des Procédés, Institut des Sciences et Technologies, Centre Universitaire Ahmed Zabana Relizane, Algeria.

Abstract. In this paper, the Al-magadiite synthesized by hydrothermal method. It is then used to prepare three copper exchanged materials using copper nitrate, copper chloride, and copper sulfate salts. The materials obtained were characterized and applied as antibacterial and antifungal against pathogen strains. The characterization methods showed the presence of four coordinated of aluminum atoms in the magadiite framework. The presence of aluminum leads to the total exchange of interlayer sodium cations. Otherwise, the copper exchange rate is influenced by the nature of the counter-ion used. Indeed, the exchanged rate increase in the sense of copper nitrate>copper chloride>copper sulfate. The chemical analysis shows that the ion exchange of Al-magadiite with copper salts is accompanied with dehydration of Cu-exchanged materials. This result was confirmed XRD diffraction, chemical analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy. This dehydration depends on the nature of the counter ion increase also in the sense of copper nitrate>copper chloride>copper sulfate. Tested as antibacterial and antifungal materials against pathogens strains all the copper exchanged materials exhibits a good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria which increased with increasing the copper content of a sample. The best activity was observed in the exchanged sample prepared from copper nitrate. However, a low or no activity is observed against Gram-negative bacteria.

Keywords: Al-magadiite, Copper II, counter-ions, ion-exchange, layer silicates, antimicrobial activity.

Vol.3 Issue 1, pp 11–22, (2020)

January 06, 2020

Usman M. T. , Bishir U.

1Department of General Studies, Emirate College of Health Science and Technology Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

*Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

Abstract. Microbiologically influence corrosion of mild steel in effluent, Seawater and fresh water investigated using Weight loss, Culturing technique, Fourier Transforming Inferred Spectroscopic (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray florescence (XRF) methods. Weight loss was used to observed change in weight on metal surface due to accumulations of corrosion products. Culturing technique was used to identify the presences of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi nutrient agar and potato dextrose agar (PDA) responsible for changes in weights of water environments thrive and produce acidic by products. Effluent was found to contains Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial species with average populations of 3.25 x 10-3cfu/ml and 3.28 x 10-3cfu/ml, Sea water was found to contains Streptococcus pneumonia bacterial species with average populations of 1.40 x 10-3cfu/ml and 2.53 x 10-3cfu/ml and Staphylococci aureus bacterial species was found in Fresh water with average populations of 1.07 x 10-3cfu/ml and 2.33 x 10-3cfu/ml before and after immersion of metal coupons respectively. Similarly, same fungal species identified in both effluent and Fresh water, that is Mucormycosis species with average populations of 9.01 x 10-3cfu/ml and 7.22 x 10-3cfu/ml respectively, and Rhizopus species with average populations of 2.98 x10-3cfu/ml was found in Seawater after immersion of carbon coupons. XRF and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) results confirmed the presence of elements in the water environments such asFe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr, Co, Nb, Mo, Sn and Cs in effluent, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr, Co, Br, Sn, Nb, Mo, Cd, Ba and La in seawater while Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Cr, Co, Nb, Mo, Ba and La in fresh water. FTIR results confirmed the presence of functional groups such as amines, amides, Imines, aldehydes which are found in metabolites produced by microorganisms and some of these metabolites produced have a great impact, while some are said to be as waste end products as corrosion products. SEM shows the metal surface microgram. These changes in compositions of elements and weight of mild steel is due to the presences of extensive micro pitting on the surface.

Keywords: Corrosion, Microorganisms, microbiologically influenced corrosion, Bacteria, Fungi, Mild steel, Effluent, Seawater and fresh water.

Vol.3 Issue 1, pp 01–10, (2020)